What is the difference between lead-acid and lithium batteries?
1. Weight energy density
The current energy density of lithium batteries is generally 200~260wh/g, and lead-acid is generally 50~70wh/g. The weight energy density of lithium batteries is 3~5 times that of lead-acid, which means that with the same capacity, lead-acid batteries are 3 to 5 times larger than lithium batteries, so lithium batteries have an absolute advantage in lightweight energy storage devices.
2. Volume energy density
The volume capacity density of lithium batteries is usually about 1.5 times that of lead-acid batteries, so with the same capacity, lithium batteries are about 30% smaller than lead-acid batteries.
3. Use cycle
Ultra-long life, the cycle life of long-life lead-acid batteries is about 300 times, and the maximum is 500 times, while the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate power batteries is generally more than 2,000 times. Lead-acid batteries of the same quality last "half a year for new ones, half a year for old ones, and another half year for maintenance," which is 1-1.5 years at most. However, lithium iron phosphate batteries will last 7-8 years if used under the same conditions. lifelong tenure". Comprehensive consideration, the performance-price ratio will be more than 5 times that of lead-acid batteries.
4. Price
At present, lithium batteries are more expensive than lead-acid, about 2 times more expensive. However, combined with the service life analysis, for the same cost, the service life of lithium batteries is still longer. Therefore, from an overall perspective, lithium batteries' cost of use is less than that of lead-acid. (Currently, the price of lead is on an upward trend, while the raw materials of lithium iron phosphate are on a downward trend due to the increase in production capacity)
5. Applicability
Lithium batteries are slightly less safe than lead-acid batteries, so various safety precautions need to be taken during use, such as preventing damage to the lithium battery from external forces or accidents, because this may cause fire or explosion; currently, lithium batteries The temperature adaptability is also very good, so in terms of other adaptability, lithium batteries are not inferior to lead-acid batteries. Without extreme conditions, the wide application of lithium batteries is the market's choice.
6. No memory effect
No memory effect Rechargeable batteries often work under the condition that they are fully charged and the capacity will quickly fall below the rated capacity value. This phenomenon is called the memory effect. Lead-acid batteries have memory and may become unusable if left unused for a long time. However, lithium batteries do not have this phenomenon. No matter what state the battery is in, it can be charged and used at any time. There is no need to discharge it first and then recharge it.
7. National policy
Lead-acid batteries cause serious harm to the environment due to the production process or discarded batteries. Therefore, from a national policy perspective, the expansion and reinvestment of lead-acid batteries has been restricted, or the use of lead-acid batteries has been restricted in certain areas. In the future, the trend of replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium batteries will become more and more obvious, and the progress will gradually accelerate.
A comprehensive comparison of the two, in terms of energy storage, taking into account the use cost, appearance design, and weight, lithium batteries will be used to replace lead-acid. Lead-acid batteries are mainly used in starting cars and heavy trucks. In this field, lithium batteries cannot replace lead for the time being. acid. But in summary, iron lithium batteries have obvious advantages in charge and discharge efficiency, storage capacity, volume, and weight. Lithium batteries of the same specifications are only half the size of lead-acid batteries and only about one-third in volume. Lithium batteries have higher charging efficiency.
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